نشریه سیاست دفاعی
پیاپی 115 (تابستان 1400)

The need for collective security in the Persian Gulf region Looking at the relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia:Authors ProfileAbbas Nilforoshan: Assistant Professor, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran -1The Persian Gulf is one of the most strategic regions in the world, the existence of large oil and gasresources and strategic location, its importance forRegional and supra-regional powers have doubled. For centuries, the region has witnessed competition and challenge between powers Regional (Iran and Saudi Arabia) and trans-regional to expand its presence and influence during the 150 years of Portuguese rule (1660-1510) and the British were in charge of maintaining and controlling the Persian Gulf region and with the withdrawal of British forces in 1971, the United States Assumed the role of security guarantor of the Persian Gulf and provided security systems and regional arrangements such as the Cooperation Council The Persian Gulf could not contribute to the lasting security of the Persian Gulf, while this sensitive region due to its location and Its characteristics have always required lasting peace and security.This article seeks to explain the need for security in the Persian Gulf region, the desired security system that is the same security It is a single, harmonious,coherent and indigenous group (endogenous), the introduction and principles and considerations governing the negotiations and relations of the RepublicIslamic Iran and Saudi Arabia to establish lasting security in the Persian Gulf region.

The missile program of the Islamic Republic of Iran is at the center of Iran's strategic power in the feld of military defense issues. On the other hand, in the post-world II era, the west Asia region has always been considered a strategic area for the America. Documents show US natonal security strategy and behavioral cues, including the Trump era, the focus of US security policy in West Asia is offshore balancing in order to control the enemy with the focus on Iran. In this regard, the purpose of the present research Explaining the efects of the Islam Republic of Iran's missile program on the US security strategy in the West Asia during Donald Trump's presidency. The main queston of the research is that what efect does the Islamic Republic of Iran's missile program have on the US security strategy in West Asia at during Trump's tmee In answer to this queston, this hypothesis is raised that basically, the missile program on the Islamic Republic of Iran leads to the weakening of the US security strategy in west Asia. The research method is descriptve-analytcal and library data collecton resources.

The purpose of this article is to compare comparative air power options: tudy among the scientific and educational staff of the Air University, Department of Specialty Education Aviation and Air Students of the Higher National Defense University who have a good knowledge about the use of air power inclassic air power tactics, information warfare, military deception. And the application of vague threats with unknown capabilities in an asymmetric space to deal with potential threats. Research Methods, It is a field and a survey. In a field s a war in the field Have asymmetry, by providing a suitable questionnaire, the results obtained using Delphi research methods for Standardized and analyzed from the operational research process of hierarchical analysis or AHP method. This research, impact variables Training criteria, effectiveness, operational efficiency and equipment technology in the hypothesis, ie four options of asymmetric power approach Was selected and after standardization was statistically analyzed, which resulted in rejecting the hypothesis of the effect of application. Classic air power tactics and confirmation of three other options: information warfare, military deception, and the use of vague threats with capability Unknown in the field of asymmetry and also determining the importance and preference of the above options according to the four criteria of education, Effectiveness, operational efficiency and equipment technology.

Imam Khomeini in the thought and acton as a religious and politcal scholar has a special historicalphilosophy derived from the Qur'an and the Sirah of Imams, which is very diferent from thephilosophy of Western schools. This research using historical method and based on descripton andanalysis of their statements and works, seeks to determine what basic principles this philosophy isbased on and what place people have in this philosophy and what role it plays in diferent stages ofthis system. are. Based on the fndings of the present artcle, he established his philosophy of historywith a monotheistc view taken from the Qur'an, and in the meantme, by dividing right and wrongand placing people on each front, he emphasized the constant confict between the two and Theyemphasize the victory of the immigrant to God. The constant struggle that the atempt to establish anIslamic government under the concept of "trust" and dedicate it to Sahib al-Zaman will end with the.advent of history.

Since the 1980s, with observing the weakness of the positvist geopolitcal predictons some geopolitcal researchers have shifed to new theoretcal frameworks that revise and reassess classical geopolitcs and It became generally known as critcal geopolitcs. One of the critcal geopolitical approaches was to promote the importance of politcal economy in producing transnatonal geopolitcal goals. These studies by using with trans-positve methodology analyzes how emerging geopolitcal practces and strategies in any country based on the performance of politcal economy processes. In this research, have been atempted with descriptve-analytcal methods to be presented new approach to Functonalize the historical dimensions of geographic space within the Structural School. The fndings research reveals that geopolitcs discourse in any era was infuenced by distinct paterns of politcal economy and in every historical period, emerges a distnct patern of geopolitical practces and behaviors by states. This approach led geopolitcal scholars to pay atenton to historical sociology in their research. Although in geopolitcal studies Concepts like positon, the size of territory, climate, and topographical features play decisive role in the historical fate of a geographical territory, but how, to what extent and for what purpose, is determined by the dominant politcal economy approaches. On this basis, geopolitcal strategies have a basis (key exponents and paradigmatc forces) within the functonal frameworks of the politcal economy system, which are unique in their own way, unique and incomparable.

Security has been one of the most important and common issues of human life from the past centuries untl today, which is among the rights of citzens. And one of the most important citzenshiprights in Islamic thought is to ensure and guarantee the security of one's life. Non-Muslim Dhimmi andmusta’man are protected (supported) under the pardon of Islamic rule. The life of Muslim citzens in the islamic law is supported criminally via detecton of blood vengeance of killer in willful murder.Now there is a queston of fundamental importance that citzens who are not muslims and who have been protected with pardon by islamic rule can enjoy the penal support of noe the most popular answer of jurisprudence to this queston is NO. in contrast some jurisprudence by relying on Quranic reasons accept the theory of penal support of tributary infdel and persistentinfdel with blood vengeance in willful murder of a Muslim.this survey is going to scrutnize the reasons and the emphasis is on the recent theory.

The discussion of the exercise of power and legitmacy of governments as well as the efectve insttutons in it as one of the most fundamental topics in philosophy andsociology has always been at thecenterof research.In the contemporary history of Iran, ignoring the sources of legitmacy for the contnuatonof government has caused governments to be associated with acrisis of legitmacyand the wavering of sources of legitmacy, fragmentaton and short life.The purpose of this study is a comparatve studyAnd the system of the Islamic Republicis in the history of Iran According to Weber's theory, legitmacy iseither derived from the traditonal heritage, or from the charismatc qualites of a leader, or is provided by lawThroughout the history of Iranian society and its social system, changes have taken place that have also afected the patern of legitmacy.Therefore the present artcle tries to study the model of power and legitmacy in these three historical periods of the politcal system by referring to related sourcestexts and documents and using analytcal-comparatve method with acomparatve-historical approach. To answer whatare thecomponents of legitmacy in the traditonalmonarchical and system of the IslamicRepublic of Irane And what are the commonalites and diferences between the components of legitmacyin these three politcal system monarchy centered on patrimonial-authoritarian and in a monarchical system centered on dictatorship (absolute power) charismlegal and in the system of the Islamic Republic, in additon to having a divine aspect and religious powers, democracyis based on legal procedures and efciency What these three systems have incommon is their multidimensional and hybrid domain,which has been more focused on one component in eachperiod.